PWM signal
From FIRSTwiki
A PWM signal, pulse-width-modulated signal, is an analog output value (on the Robot Controller is from -128 to 127). This signal is used to control motors through Victors, in which case -128 corresponds to full power "backwards" and 127 to full power "fowards". 0 is neutral.
A good general explanation of what PWM signal is and how its made can be found here here.
Note: on the RC and the EDU, NEVER set a PWM output to 255.

